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 Developmental
Editing. Any or all of the following:
 | working with the client and,
usually, the author of a book or other document to develop a manuscript from
initial concept, outline, or draft (or some combination of the three)
through any number of subsequent drafts
|
| making suggestions about
content, organization, and presentation, based on analysis of competing
works, comments of expert reviewers, the client's market analysis, and other
appropriate references |
| rewriting, writing, and
researching, as needed, and sometimes suggesting topics or providing
information about topics for consideration of authors and client. |
Substantive
Editing. Improving a manuscript in any or all of the following ways:
| identifying and solving
problems of overall clarity or accuracy
|
| reorganizing paragraphs,
sections, or chapters to improve the order in which the text is presented
|
| writing or rewriting segments
of text to improve readability and flow of information
|
| revising any or all aspects of
the text to improve its presentation
|
| consulting with others about
issues of concern
|
| incorporating responses to
queries and suggestions creating a new draft of the document
|
Copyediting
(sometimes called line editing). Any or all of the following:
| correcting spelling, grammar,
punctuation, syntax, and word usage while preserving the meaning and voice
of the original text
|
| checking for or imposing a
consistent style and format
|
| preparing a style sheet that
documents style and format
|
| reading for overall clarity
and sense on behalf of the prospective audience
|
| querying the appropriate party
about apparent errors or inconsistencies
|
| noting permissions needed to
publish copyrighted material
|
| preparing a manuscript for the next stage of
the publication process
|
| cross-checking references,
art, figures, tables, equations, and other features for consistency with
their mentions in the text
|
Proofreading.
Comparing the latest stage of text with the preceding stage, marking
discrepancies in text, and, when appropriate, checking for problems in page
makeup, layout, color separation, or type. Proofreading may also include one or
more of the following:
| checking proof against
typesetting specifications
|
| querying or correcting errors
or inconsistencies that may have escaped an editor or writer
|
| reading for typographical
errors or for sense without reading against copy |
This text was prepared by the Freelance Editorial
Association.
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